South Africa Uses Military to Combat Illegal Mining and Crime

South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa addressed the nation on Thursday, outlining measures to combat organized crime and bolster security. The announcement included the deployment of military troops to support police in Gauteng and Western Cape provinces.

Military Deployment to Support Law Enforcement

President Ramaphosa announced the deployment of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) to assist police in addressing gang violence and illegal mining in Gauteng and Western Cape. The deployment is intended to support police efforts in areas experiencing mass shootings and violence linked to illegal mining. Preparations for finalizing the deployment plan are underway, pending parliamentary approval.

Comprehensive Strategy to Combat Organized Crime

The President detailed a broader strategy to address organized criminal activity and its underlying causes. This strategy incorporates technology, intelligence gathering, and integrated law enforcement. Streamlining firearm regulations, increasing police recruitment, and combating corruption within government institutions, including police departments, are also key components. The initiative aims to tackle organized crime, illicit firearms trading, and corruption simultaneously.

Addressing Gang Violence and Illegal Mining

South Africa has faced ongoing challenges with gang violence and illegal mining, impacting the country’s stability and economic growth. The government has intensified efforts to combat this surge in violence through targeted strategies, including the creation of specialized police units and increased law enforcement presence.

The Escalation of Illegal Mining

Illegal mining operations have continued to expand in abandoned mines, resulting in environmental damage and significant economic losses. While unemployment contributes to the problem, illegal mining is often linked to organized crime and international criminal syndicates. These syndicates employ artisanal miners, known as zama zama, who are frequently armed and involved in conflicts with rival miners and security forces. Extracted minerals are typically sold to local dealers or exporters. The government has criminalized illegal mining under the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 and launched Operation Vala Umgodi, a security initiative aimed at compelling miners to surface for arrest by cutting off essential supplies.